Class IX Term II Climate: Learn To Write Short Answers In Points.

Class IX Term II Climate is no doubt a difficult chapter. Therefore, it is important to learn & to write short answers with little understanding. If your answers are in points, you can definitely score full marks in Class IX term II exams. Wanting to score good marks in class IX Term II from Climate chapter is one thing but it can be difficult to without the proper guidance. It’s important to build good study skills to perform in class IX Term II Climate chapter. Most important tip to score well in class IX Term II is to focus on most important topics first. Exams usually cover a few core ideas and concepts. Therefore, understand the topics well first and then start practicing writing answers for your class IX Term II Climate chapter preparation.

Very Short Answer Type Questions From class IX Term II Climate

Q1. Define weather?

Ans. Weather is the condition of atmosphere for a short period of time. For example “today’s weather is cloudy or windy”.

Q2. Define climate?

Ans. Climate is the condition of the atmosphere for a long period of time. For example “climate near the equator is equatorial type”.

Q3. Define Monsoon?

Ans. Monsoon is a seasonal wind which reverses it’s direction do to change in season.

Q4. Why are places near the equator hot?

Ans. Direct rays of sun falls on equator making the equatorial region hot.

Q5. Why are the Polar regions cold.

Ans. Our earth is spherical in shape. Polar regions are located in extreme North and South. Due to the curvature of the earth, the rays of the sun fall slanting. at the poles. That is why polar regions are cold.

Concept Based Questions From Climate

Q6. Why the houses in Rajasthan have thick walls and flat roofs.

Ans. Houses in Rajasthan have thick walls so that the sun rays can not penetrate inside. This will keep the house cold during summer. They have flat roofs because Rajasthan receives very less rainfall. Flat roofs help in storing the rainwater.

Q7. Why is that the houses in the tarai region and in Goa and Mangalore have sloping roofs?

Ans. It is because these regions receive very heavy rainfall. Stored water can damage the roof easily. Therefore, houses in the tarai region and in Goa and Mangalore have sloping roofs.

Q8. Why houses in Assam are built on stilts?

Ans. Rivers in Assam are perennial and gets flooded every year. Flood water can easily enter the house and create problems for the people living there. Therefore, to protect the house from flood water, houses are built on stilts.

Q9. What are the factors that control the climate?

Ans. There are six major factors that controls the climate. They are:

i) Latitude

ii) Altitude

iii) Pressure and winds.

iv) Ocean currents

v) Distance from the sea and

vi) Physical features.

Application Based Questions For Term II From Climate

Q10. What is Coriolis force?

Ans. Earth rotate from West to East.

Due to the rotation of earth, winds in the Northern Hemisphere turn right and in the southern Hemisphere turn left.

This is known as Coriolis force or Ferrel’s law. ( Answer from exam point of view)

(Now, explanation below is just for your understanding.

 Pl, do not write in exams.)

Hold a paper in your hands.

Keep your hands outside the window of a running train.

What do you see?

You see that the paper blows against the direction of a moving train.

Similarly, winds blow from Tropic of cancer and Capricorn towards Equator.

But, as the earth rotates, these winds also get deflected.

The force by which these winds get deflected (changes direction) is known as Coriolis force.

Important Question From Deserts and Jet Streams For Term II

Q11. Why most of the world’s deserts are located in the western margins of continents in the sub-tropics.

Ans. Most of the world’s deserts are located in the western margins of continents. This is because

i) East flowing winds blow from land to sea in many areas.

So these winds do not have moisture.

ii) Places where east flowing winds blow from the sea to land they have moisture.

But, by the time they reach to the west, they shed all their moisture and become dry.

Hence, do not cause any rain.

Q12. What are “Jet streams”?

Ans. “Jet streams” are the high velocity winds which blows in the upper layer of the atmosphere.

Q13. Why in Thar desert there is a wide difference between the day and night temperatures.

Ans. Thar desert consists of sand.

i) Sand has the tendency to get heated very fast.

So, as soon as the sun rises, sand becomes hot and day temperature increases.

ii) Sand also has the tendency to cool very fast.

Therefore, as soon as the sun sets, sand becomes cold and night temperature decreases.

Understanding Based Question From Class IX  Climate

Q14. Coastal areas have less difference in temperature. Why?

Ans. Coastal areas are the areas near the sea where there is both land and sea.

i) So, when the land becomes hot during the day, the air present over the land also becomes hot.

Hot air is light and rises up.

But at the same time, the air present over the sea is cold.

Cold air is heavy.

This cold air blow from sea to land and drop down the temperature during day time.

Similarly,

after the sun set, land cools down very fast.

So the air present above the land also cools down.

But, by now, sea water gets completely heated.

So, the winds above the sea is now hot and rises.

Cold winds from the land start blowing from the land towards sea, bringing down the temperature.

Therefore, coastal areas near the sea never experiences much difference in temperature due to land breeze and sea breeze.

HOTS Questions from Climate

Q15. What are “Western Cyclonic Disturbances”?

Ans. “Western Cyclonic Disturbances” are the winds coming from the Mediterranean sea.

As they come from the sea, they have moisture and move towards India.

In the month of October, these winds enter in Jammu & Kashmir.

Due to cold weather conditions in October, winds get saturated. (filled by water)

It causes heavy rainfall/snowfall in J&K, Himachal and Punjab.

As it comes from the west and disturbs the normal life of the people, they are known as “Western Cyclonic Disturbances”.

Q16. What is “El-Nino”? What is the meaning of the word A;-Nino in Spanish?

Ans. El-Nino is a warm ocean current.

It is a Spanish word which means “The child”.

As this current flow in the Pacific ocean near 25^th December, it is also referred to as “Baby Christ.

Q17. What do you mean by ITCZ.

Ans) ITCZ is Inter Tropical Convergence Zone.

Explanation below is just for your understanding.

Pl, do not write in exams.

You know that In the month of March, sunrays directly fall on equator.

Air present here becomes hot.

Hot air is light and it rises up.

Then, winds from tropic of Cancer and Capricorn move towards equator to fill the gap and meet each other.

But,

After March, the temperature over Northern Hemisphere increases.

As our earth is titled, direct rays of the sun now falls on Tropic of Cancer.

This makes the region of Tropic of Cancer hotter than Equator.

Therefore, winds from both the hemispheres as they were meeting earlier on equator, now meet together (converge) at 20 degrees North (near tropic of cancer).

This meeting (convergence) is known as Inter Tropical Convergence Zone.

HOTS Questions from Climate

Q18. What do you mean by “Burst” of monsoon?

Ans. When the Monsoon arrives, sometimes the rainfall increases suddenly and continues for several days. (as if it is never going to stop.)

This is known as Burst of Monsoon.

Q19. What do you mean by “Break” in monsoon?

Ans. There are wet and dry spells during the monsoons. When it does not rain (rainless days) for a week or so, it is known as “Break” in monsoon.

Q20. What do you mean by “Monsoon Breaks”.

Ans. The arrival of monsoon in India is known as “Monsoon Breaks”.

(For understanding and not for exams)

Do not get confused by these two terms. Break in monsoon and Monsoon breaks.

As soon as the most eagerly awaited shower takes place in Kerala, the news reporters say Monsoon arrives in India or Monsoon breaks in India today.

But, dry less spells during monsoon is known as break in monsoon.) 

Most Expected Questions From Class IX Term II Climate

Q20. Mention any three features/characteristics of monsoons?

Ans. Three features/characteristics of monsoons are:

i) it accounts for 90% of the total rainfall.

ii) they are very much unevenly distributed.

iii) monsoons in India are erratic. (may be strong or weak in a particular year). 

Q21. What are the features/characteristics of Advancing monsoon?

Ans. Features/characteristics of Advancing monsoons are:

i) It begins by early June.

ii) Low pressure conditions over Northern plains attracts the trade winds.

iii) wind blows from sea to land.

iii) It has the tendency to have breaks in rainfall.

Q22. Mention the weather conditions/ characteristics of Retreating monsoon?

Ans. Weather conditions/ characteristics of Retreating monsoons are:

i) Monsoon retreats (returns) from India between October and November.

ii) It is a period of transition (change) from hot and wet to cold and dry winter.

iii) It is marked by clear skies and wind blows from land to sea.

iv) Day temperatures are high but nights are cold and pleasant.

v) By the end of October, the mercury begins to fall rapidly.

Questions From Geographical Terms Used In The Chapter 60 Geographical Terms Which Always Create Confusion

Q23. What is October Heat?

Ans. October is the period of change in season from rainy to winter.

The land is still wet during October.

Due to high temperature, evaporation takes place.

This maks the air hot and humid which makes us feel uncomfortable.

This is known as october Heat.

Q24. What is Kaal Baisakhi? With which state it is associated with?

Ans. Kaal Baisakhi is a severe cyclonic wind.

It blows over the Northern plains during summer months.

It affects the states of Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Orissa.

In Bengal, it is known as kal-baisakhi as it comes during the month of Baisakh.

Q25. What are Mango Showers?

Ans. As the name suggests, it is something related to mangoes.

What could it be?

It is the pre monsoon rain which is common in Kerala and Karnataka.

As these showers help in the ripening of mangoes, they are known as Mango showers.

Class IX Term II: Calculating Diurnal, Monthly and Annual Range Of Temperature

Q26. What do you mean by Diurnal range of temperature?

Ans. The difference between the maximum temperature in a day and the minimum temperature is called the Range of temperature.

To find the daily (Diurnal) range of temperature, you need only two data.

Select the maximum number given in the data (maximum temperature) for example 33.5 degrees.

Also select the minimum number given in the data (minimum temperature) for example 22.3 degrees.

Now, subtract the minimum temperature from the maximum.

For example 33.5 – 22.3 = 11.2 degrees.

Therefore, 11.2 degrees is the diurnal range of temperature.

Q27. How to calculate the monthly range of temperature?

Ans. Monthly range of temperature is the difference between the highest temperature in a month and lowest temperature given in a month.

In the data, you will be given the temperature of one month (30 days)

Remember, range is always maximum – minimum.

Select the maximum temperature in a month. For example = 32.7 degrees.

Now, select the minimum temperature in a month. For example = 24.9 degrees.

Therefore, monthly range of temperature will be 32.7 – 24.9 = 7.8 degrees.

Q28. How to calculate the annual range of temperature?

Ans. As you know that range is always maximum – minimum.

In the data, you will be given the maximum and minimum temperatures of all the months.

From the maximum temperatures select the highest temperature. Say June’s temperature is 43.4

Similarly, From the minimum temperatures select the lowest temperature. Say January’s temperature is 13. 6

Now, subtract the maximum and minimum temperatures to get the annual range of temperature.

For example 43.4 – 13.6 = 29.8 degrees.

Class IX Term II: Calculating Diurnal, Monthly and Annual Mean Temperature

Mean Temperature is also known as Average temperature.

Let’s see the questions based on Mean temperatures.

Q29. Calculate the mean temperature for the month of January.

Ans. What you are suppose to do.

You have to add the temperatures of all 31 days of January and divide it by number of days(31).

For example 12+12.4+ 11.8+ 11.6+ 13+ 12.5+ 10.7………. = 373.4

Now, average mean temperature will be 373.4/31 = 12.04 degrees.

Q30. Calculate the annual mean temperature for the year 2020.

Ans. Now, how to find the annual mean temperature for the year 2020,

You will be given a table which will have average mean temperature of all 12 months.

What you need to do is, add the average mean temperature of all 12 months and divide it by 12.

You will get the answer.

Distinguish Between from Class IX Term II Climate

Q31. Distinguish between North East Monsoon and South East Monsoon.

Long Answer Type Question From The Factors Which Control Climate Of India

Q32. Do the factors which controls climate and the factors which affect the climate of India the same? Explain any three factors with examples. If not then mention the factors which are different. (HOTS)

Ans) Yes, almost all the factors which controls climate and the factors which affect the climate of India are the same.

They are:

i) Latitude:

The amount of solar energy received varies according to latitude.  What are lines of latitudes and longitudes on Globe?  .

Places near the equator are hot and away from equator are cold.

In India also temperature varies as one move from South to North.

Example: Kerala is hotter than Kashmir.

ii) Altitude:

We know that as we go high from the sea level, the temperature decreases.

That is why hill stations are cooler than the places located in plains or coastal regions.

Example Darjeeling is colder than Patna and Mumbai.

why-are-hill-stations-cooler?

iii) Pressure and winds:

Difference in temperature leads to difference in pressure and winds. 

India is very much affected by pressure and winds as India’s climate is unique.

During winter, there is high pressure over the land and during summer, the pressure is low.

This causes a complete reversal of wind direction.

For example Occurring of Monsoon every year.

Read Class VII Geography Chapter 4 “Air”

iv) Distance from the sea:

Places near the sea are neither very hot in summer nor very cold during the winter.

This if because of the sea.

But places away from the sea have extreme (continental) type of climate i.e. extremely hot in summer and cold in winter.

For example Delhi is hotter and also colder than Mumbai because it is located away from the sea.

v) Physical features:

Relief or physical features also affect the climate of a place.

For example, Himalayas in India stop the cold winds coming from the North.

It also stops the moisture laden winds which causes rainfall in India 

vi) Ocean currents:

Warm ocean-currents make the place warm.

Similarly cold ocean currents make it cold.

India is also affected by warm ocean current Al-Nino which increases the intensity of monsoon rain.

Long Answer Type Question On Mechanism Of Monsoon

Q33. Discuss the mechanism of Monsoon. Answer in five points.

Ans. Monsoon is the seasonal reversal of wind direction due to change in season.

Monsoon arrives in India after summer.

The winds blow from Sea to land.

As it comes from the sea. it contains moisture and cause heavy rainfall in India.

Mechanism of Monsoon:

i. It is experienced in the tropical area roughly between 20 degrees North and South of equator.

ii. Differential heating and cooling of land and sea water creates low pressure over land during summer.

iii. shift of ITCZ from equator to 20 degree North (over the Ganga plains)

iv. Tibetan plateau gets intensely heated during summer. This results in the rising of hot air. Hence, low pressure is created.

v. Changes in the pressure conditions over the oceans in the southern hemisphere.

Hint: In this question you have to answer the factors responsible for the arrival of monsoon in India.

Therefore, the above mentioned five factors creates a condition for the arrival of monsoon.

Long Answer Type Question On Monsoon As Unifying Bond

Q34. How monsoons act as a unifying bond?

Ans. Monsoons are unifying bond in India because:

i) India is an agricultural country and monsoon winds bind the whole country by providing water for agricultural activities.

ii) It’s the festival time all over India because most of our festivals are related to farmers. (agriculture)

iii) Agricultural activities connect every corner of the country through transport, production and marketing.

iv) All the rivers and tributaries have enough water and get connected as single unit.

v) People from east, west, North and South eagerly wait for the monsoon.

Conclusion On Class IX Term II Climate

Class IX Term II Climate is a big and difficult chapter. To Prepare for class IX Term II Climate chapter, you need basic understanding of all the topics covered in this article. Also practice writing answers in short and in points. Write answers in your own words. Do not try to mug up the answers. From class IX Term II Climate chapter, CBSE will try to check your understanding. But, while preparing for Class IX Term II Climate chapter do not miss out practicing MCQ’s from this chapter.

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All the very best for your class IX Term II exams.