CLASS 7 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 ENVIRONMENT (NCERT) book has used some technical words which are not easy to understand. As soon as we understand the difference between atmosphere and environment, we will also understand this lesson. So let’s first understand the difference between atmosphere and environment. Let’s first read CLASS 7 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 ENVIRONMENT (NCERT) Summary. To read the same chapter in Hindi, click भूगोल पाठ १ पर्यावरण एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा 7 सामाजिक विज्ञान
Difference between atmosphere and environment.
The most important difference between the Atmosphere and the Environment is that the atmosphere is a layer of gases around the Earth. It is made up of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and other gases. Where as the nature and the human beings together make or modify the environment.
CLASS 7 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 ENVIRONMENT (NCERT)
NCERT CLASS 7 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 ENVIRONMENT
Environment
- The environment is the living or non-living things around us.
- The place, people, things and nature that surround any living organism is called environment.
- Such as forests, animals, birds, rivers, mountains, houses, markets, humans, etc.
Difference between Atmosphere and Environment
- Atmosphere is created by the nature while environment is created by us.
- Smoke emitting from cars & industries, plastics, garbage, cutting of trees at various places are damaging the environment around us.
- The environment also includes air.
- Therefore, when we harm the environment, our atmosphere also gets polluted.
Environmental components
NCERT GEOGRAPHY – ENVIRONMENT
- Basically an environmental component means factors affecting the environment.
- Who can affect the environment?
- Either the humans or the nature.
- Therefore, the two major components of environment are – nature and humans.
Natural environment
By the name only it is clear that the Natural environment is created by the nature.
If you look around our earth, you will find that some part of our earth has land which is known as Lithosphere.
You will also see rivers, lakes, seas and Oceans which cover the major part of our earth.
Such watery part is known as Hydrosphere,
The most important one is the atmosphere which contains oxygen, Nitrogen and many other gases.
All of them are created and operated by nature.
Let us understand this one by one.
Lithosphere:
The ground layer above the earth is called lithosphere.
It is made up of soil, rocks and minerals.
There is a thin layer of soil on top of it which is useful for farming.
Mountains, plateaus, plains and deserts are found above this landmass.
There is also land under the sea which is part of the lithosphere itself.
Hydrosphere:
The watery body on the entire earth is hydrosphere.
River, sea, pond, lake, ocean etc. all forms the hydrosphere.
The hydrosphere is also very useful for us because no one can survive without water.
Hence it is necessary for all beings.
Atmosphere:
The atmosphere exists everywhere around the Earth.
There are many layers of the atmosphere .
These layers act like a strainer.
Just as a tea strainer filters tea leaves, ginger, basil leaves, etc., but allows its properties to reach to the tea.
Similarly, the atmosphere also stops and filters the harmful rays coming from the sun.
The rays which are beneficial for us only passes through the atmosphere and reaches the earth.
Do you know why the atmosphere does not go out of the earth’s surface.
It is not able to separate from the Earth due to the earth’s gravitational force.
Biosphere and Ecosystem – CLASS 7 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 ENVIRONMENT (NCERT)
According to the book “Plants and fauna together form the biosphere. It is that narrow region of the earth where land, water and air make life possible together. Biosphere is a narrow zone of the earth where land, water and air interact with each other to support life. The definition given in the text-book is fine but it does not explain how the life exists where all three spheres meet.
How life exists?
Let’s Understand biosphere with an example.
Take a clean plastic bottle.
Wash it thoroughly and dry it completely in the sun.
Buy one kilogram of semolina (sooji) from the market and dry it in the sun after cleaning it too.
Then fill the cleaned semolina (sooji) in a clean box and close the lid of the box tightly and keep it in any clean place.
After three months, open the lid and you will find a worms in semolina.
Where did the worm come from? How did the creature originate in it?
Where did the creature come from?
The bottom / surface of the box gave shelter to the worms which means microorganisms got the surface (lithosphere).
When you closed the lid, the air was also captured in the box, so that the microorganisms got air.
The water vapour is already present as moisture in the air.
When all three spheres water, land and air exists, microbes are born and grow bigger as insects in three months.
Similarly, worms are also produced in the stomach of young children.
What is an ecosystem?
All living beings depend on each other for their survival in an ecosystem.
Ecosystem is a community of plants, animals and other organisms that live, feed, reproduce and interact in the same area or
environment.
For example, a camel in the desert eats acacia leaves and remains without water for several days.
He molds himself according to the situation there.
Similarly, cow is dependent on grass, man is dependent on cow and tree plants get cow dung as manure.
HUMAN ENVIRONMENT
COMPONENTS OF ENVIRONMENT – ART INTEGRATION
Human interacts with his environment.
Changes the environment according to its requirement.
Such as cutting of forests to build cities, bridges over rivers, buildings to live in,
Industries to meet their needs, roads for traffic, Builds parks, stadiums, cinema halls etc. for entertainment.
Therefore, human also affect the environment.
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CLASS 7 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 ENVIRONMENT (NCERT)
TEXT BOOK QUESTIONS (NCERT)
Answer the following questions:
(i) What is an Ecosystem?
Ans) An Ecosystem is a community of plants, animals and other organisms that live, feed, reproduce and interact in the same area or environment.
(ii) What do you mean by Natural environment?
Ans) Natural environment means all living and non-living things like land, water, plants and animals which are made by the nature.
(iii) Which are the major components of the environment?
Ans) Major components of the environment are
i) Nature – For example land, water air, plants and animals.
ii) Man made – For example buildings, roads, industries, monuments etc. and
iii) Humans – Family, community, education, religion etc.
(iv) Give four examples of human made environment?
Ans) Four examples of human made environment are:
i) buildings ii) roads iii) industries iv) monuments
(v) What is Lithosphere?
Ans) Lithosphere is
i) the solid crust or the upper layer of the earth.
ii) It is made up of rocks and minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil.
(vi) Which are the two major components of Biotic environment?
Ans) Biotic means life or things which have life.
Therefore, two major components of Biotic environment are plants and animals.
(vii) What is Biosphere?
Ans) Biosphere is that narrow region of the earth where land, water and air make life possible together.
CLASS 7 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 ENVIRONMENT (NCERT)
2. Tick the correct answer:
(i) Which is not a natural ecosystem?
(a) Desert (b) aquarium (c) Forest
(ii) Which is not a component of human environment?
(a) Land (b) religion (c) community
(iii) Which is a human made environment?
(a) Mountain (b) Sea (c) Road
(iv) Which is a threat to environment?
(a) Growing plants (b) Growing population (c) Growing crops.
3. Match the following: CLASS 7 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 ENVIRONMENT (NCERT)
(i) Biosphere a) Blanket of air that surrounds the earth (ii)
(ii) Atmosphere b) Domain of water (iii)
(iii) Hydrosphere c) Gravitational force of the earth
(iv) Environment d) Our surroundings (iv)
e) narrow zone where land, water and air interact. (i)
f) relation between the organisms and their surroundings.
4. Give reasons: CLASS 7 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 ENVIRONMENT (NCERT)
(i) man modifies his environment.
Ans) Human interacts with his environment. It also changes according to its requirement. He grows crops for his needs, builds bridges over rivers, Raises animals and birds, and establishes industries. All these humans do not get from the environment, rather they get it by changing the environment.
(ii) Plants and animals depend on each other.
Ans) Plants and animals are dependent on each other as:
1) Plant provide food and shelter to animals.
2) In return, the animals nourish the plants after being converted into manure after death.
2. On one hand, where animals give carbon dioxide to green plants, trees on the other hand, plants in turn give oxygen to animals.
In this way plant and animal animals are dependent on each other.
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