Application-Based Questions: Resources and Development
Application based questions play a crucial role in mastering Class 10 Geography Chapter 1, Resource and Development, especially for the CBSE Board Exam 2026. These questions encourage students to think beyond definitions and apply geographical concepts to real-life situations. The chapter highlights the importance of various natural resources, their classification, the need for sustainable development, and the scientific process of resource planning. It also explains the different types of soils found in India, the causes of soil degradation, and the measures required for conservation and restoration.
Through application-based questions, students develop the ability to relate concepts such as land use, resource scarcity, soil erosion, and groundwater depletion to actual conditions in different regions of India. This type of learning strengthens analytical thinking, decision-making, and problem-solving skills, which are essential for scoring high in competency-based and case-based questions of the CBSE Board Exam pattern.
By practising these questions, students enhance their conceptual clarity and gain confidence in handling real-world scenarios connected to resource management. This set of application-based questions has been designed to support effective preparation and help students achieve excellence in their Board Exam 2026.
Application-Based Questions: Resources and Development
1. A village plans to install solar street lights to reduce electricity costs. Which type of resource use are they promoting?
- Non-renewable and exhaustive use
B. Renewable and sustainable use
C. Biotic and over-utilization
D. National and non-recyclable
Answer: B
2. A farmer shifts from rice cultivation to organic vegetables because groundwater is depleting. Which concept does this decision best reflect?
- Resource depletion
B. Resource planning
C. Land fragmentation
D. Overgrazing
Answer: B
3. A state government identifies that soil erosion is increasing due to mining. Which action will be the most effective long-term solution?
- Increasing fertilizer use
B. Expanding mining operations
C. Replanting trees and creating shelter belts
D. Leaving the land unused
Answer: C
4. A factory recycles its wastewater to reduce freshwater consumption. Which principle of sustainable development is being followed?
- Interdependence
B. Equity
C. Reduce–Reuse–Recycle
D. Land use planning
Answer: C
5. A region receives very low rainfall and has rocky terrain. Which type of soil conservation method will be MOST suitable?
- Strip cropping
B. Contour ploughing
C. Shelter belt plantation
D. Water harvesting structures
Answer: D
Resources and Development
6. A farmer in Rajasthan uses Khadin and Johad systems. What is he trying to address through these methods?
- Soil salinisation
B. Scarcity of surface water
C. Excessive soil moisture
D. Loss of biodiversity
Answer: B
7. A city expands rapidly and agricultural land is converted into housing societies. What major resource-related problem will this most likely cause?
- Increase in biotic resources
B. Increased carrying capacity
C. Loss of productive land
D. Rise in underground mineral deposits
Answer: C
8. If a government restricts the use of groundwater for industries in a drought-prone area, which core concept of resource management is reflected?
- Political resource allocation
B. Sustainable development
C. Regional resource inequality
D. Renewable resource abundance
Answer: B
9. Terracing is introduced in a hilly village to improve agriculture. What specific problem is this technique designed to address?
- Chemical pollution
B. Soil erosion by water
C. Excessive irrigation
D. Urban land expansion
Answer: B
10. Two neighbouring states have similar landforms and climate but differ in soil fertility. What is the MOST logical explanation?
- Rainfall pattern has no effect on soil
B. Soil depends only on parent rock
C. Differences in human activities like deforestation, overgrazing, and farming practices
D. Soil is unaffected by human interference
Answer: C
Application-Based Questions: Resources and Development
1. A farmer in Maharashtra notices that his cotton and sugarcane crops are not growing well due to poor soil moisture retention.
Q: Which type of soil is he most likely dealing with, and what soil management measure should he adopt?
Answer:
Soil type: Black soil (Deccan soil)
Measure: Adopt soil moisture conservation methods like mulching, contour bunding, and proper irrigation scheduling.
2. A village on steep hillsides in Uttarakhand faces severe soil erosion during monsoons.
Q: Which soil conservation method is best suited?
Answer:
Terrace farming is the most effective method because it reduces the flow of water downward and prevents soil loss.
3. A region with high rainfall and dense population faces land degradation and food insecurity.
Q: What could be the causes and solutions?
Answer:
Causes: Deforestation, overgrazing, landslides, and unscientific agriculture.
Solution: Afforestation, controlled grazing, land-use planning, and promotion of terrace farming/contour ploughing.
4. A government report shows excessive use of chemical fertilizers reducing soil fertility.
Q: Which type of resource misuse is occurring, and what sustainable alternative can restore soil health?
Answer:
Misuse: Overexploitation and improper utilisation of renewable resources (soil).
Alternative: Use organic manure, biofertilisers, crop rotation, and integrated nutrient management.
5. A Tamil Nadu farmer finds his paddy field turning salty because of poor irrigation.
Q: What type of land degradation is this and what measures are needed?
Answer:
Degradation: Salinisation
Measures:
Improve irrigation drainage.
Use salt-tolerant crops and implement proper water management.
Resources and Development
6. A state wants to use forest resources for industrial development.
Q: What steps of resource planning should be followed?
Answer:
Survey and identification of forest resources.
Evaluation of resource availability based on future needs.
Development of sustainable plans (afforestation, controlled exploitation).
Implementation through institutions, technology, and public participation.
7. A Rajasthani village heavily uses tube wells, causing groundwater depletion.
Q: Which resource is overused, and what are the solutions?
Answer:
Resource overused: Freshwater (renewable but limited).
Solutions:
Rainwater harvesting
Drip irrigation
Regulation of groundwater extraction.
8. A region shows new alluvial soil on top and old alluvial soil at depth.
Q: How does this affect agriculture?
Answer:
New alluvial (Khadar) is more fertile → supports intensive agriculture (rice, wheat, sugarcane).
Old alluvial (Bhangar) has lower fertility → needs manuring and irrigation improvements.
9. Two districts have the same soil type but different productivity levels.
Q: What planning/management factors can explain this?
Answer:
Better district may have:
Efficient irrigation
Correct fertiliser use
Scientific cropping patterns
Soil conservation measures
Government support schemes
Better land-use planning
10. A farmer in Karnataka uses contour ploughing and grows legumes after maize.
Q: How do these practices improve soil?
Answer:
Contour ploughing reduces soil erosion by slowing water runoff.
Leguminous crops fix nitrogen → improves soil fertility and reduces need for chemical fertilizers.
Application-Based Questions: Resources and Development
Conclusion (180 Words)
In conclusion, application-based questions from Class 10 Geography Chapter 1, Resource and Development, are essential for developing a practical and meaningful understanding of how resources shape human life and the environment. These questions encourage students to move beyond rote learning and think critically about real-world challenges such as land degradation, soil erosion, deforestation, overuse of groundwater, and the need for planned and sustainable use of resources. As the CBSE Board Exam 2026 places a strong emphasis on competency-based assessment, the ability to analyse situations, interpret data, and apply concepts becomes crucial for scoring well.
By regularly practising application-based questions, students strengthen their decision-making skills and gain the confidence to tackle case studies, map-based analysis, and higher-order thinking tasks. They also become more aware of the importance of responsible resource management and environmental conservation in daily life. This understanding not only helps them in examinations but also nurtures them as conscious and informed citizens. Ultimately, mastering these application-based questions enables students to build a strong foundation in Geography and ensures a well-rounded preparation for the Board Exam 2026.
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